Pathobiological Relationship of Excessive Dietary Intake of Choline L Carnitine: A TMAO Precursor Associated Aggravation in Heart Failure in Sarcopenic Patients Linking anaerobic gut bacteria and cardiovascular disease Nature Microbiology Full article: Gut microbes with the gbu genes determine TMAO production from L carnitine intake and serve as a biomarker for precision nutrition Revisiting the Role of Carnitine in Heart Disease Through the Lens of the Gut Microbiota Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link JCI The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease