Frontiers Dietary supplementation with L carnitine elevates intracellular carnitine levels and affects gene expression of SLC25A20 and COX4I1, as well as non mitochondrial respiration of bovine blood cells during systemic immune challenge Optimizing endurance performance in elite swimmers: effects of L carnitine supplementation and hydration strategies Applied Water Science Springer Nature Link Understanding the Role of Carnitine in TPN and IDPN Therapy Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine Palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl L carnitine for fibromyalgia Study Summary L Carnitine Linus Pauling Institute Oregon State University